接口自动化测试方案详解

# Todo：接口自动化测试
# Author：归根落叶
# Blog：http://this.ispenn.com

import json
import http.client,mimetypes
from urllib.parse import urlencode
import random
import time
import re
import logging
import os,sys
try:
import xlrd
except:
os.system('pip install -U xlrd')
import xlrd
try:
from pyDes import *
except ImportError as e:
os.system('pip install -U pyDes --allow-external pyDes --allow-unverified pyDes')
from pyDes import *
import hashlib
import base64
import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText

log_file = os.path.join(os.getcwd(),'log/liveappapi.log')
log_format = '[%(asctime)s] [%(levelname)s] %(message)s'
logging.basicConfig(format=log_format,filename=log_file,filemode='w',level=logging.DEBUG)
console = logging.StreamHandler()
console.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
formatter = logging.Formatter(log_format)
console.setFormatter(formatter)
logging.getLogger('').addHandler(console)

#获取并执行测试用例
def runTest(testCaseFile):
testCaseFile = os.path.join(os.getcwd(),testCaseFile)
if not os.path.exists(testCaseFile):
logging.error('测试用例文件不存在！！！')
sys.exit()
testCase = xlrd.open_workbook(testCaseFile)
table = testCase.sheet_by_index(0)
errorCase = []
correlationDict = {}
correlationDict['${hashPassword}'] = hash1Encode('123456')
correlationDict['${session}'] = None
for i in range(1,table.nrows):
correlationDict['${randomEmail}'] = ''.join(random.sample('abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz',6)) + '@automation.test'
correlationDict['${randomTel}'] = '186' + str(random.randint(10000000,99999999))
correlationDict['${timestamp}'] = int(time.time())
if table.cell(i,10).value.replace('\n','').replace('\r','') != 'Yes':
continue
num = str(int(table.cell(i,0).value)).replace('\n','').replace('\r','')
api_purpose = table.cell(i,1).value.replace('\n','').replace('\r','')
api_host = table.cell(i,2).value.replace('\n','').replace('\r','')
request_url = table.cell(i,3).value.replace('\n','').replace('\r','')
request_method = table.cell(i,4).value.replace('\n','').replace('\r','')
request_data_type = table.cell(i,5).value.replace('\n','').replace('\r','')
request_data = table.cell(i,6).value.replace('\n','').replace('\r','')
encryption = table.cell(i,7).value.replace('\n','').replace('\r','')
check_point = table.cell(i,8).value
correlation = table.cell(i,9).value.replace('\n','').replace('\r','').split(';')
for key in correlationDict:
if request_url.find(key) > 0:
request_url = request_url.replace(key,str(correlationDict[key]))
if request_data_type == 'Form':
dataFile = request_data
if os.path.exists(dataFile):
fopen = open(dataFile,encoding='utf-8')
request_data = fopen.readline()
fopen.close()
for keyword in correlationDict:
if request_data.find(keyword) > 0:
request_data = request_data.replace(keyword,str(correlationDict[keyword]))
try:
if encryption == 'MD5':
request_data = json.loads(request_data)
status,md5 = getMD5(api_host,urlencode(request_data).replace("%27","%22"))
if status != 200:
logging.error(num + ' ' + api_purpose + "[ " + str(status) + " ], 获取md5验证码失败！！！")
continue
request_data = dict(request_data,**{"sign":md5.decode("utf-8")})
request_data = urlencode(request_data).replace("%27","%22")
elif encryption == 'DES':
request_data = json.loads(request_data)
request_data = urlencode({'param':encodePostStr(request_data)})
else:
request_data = urlencode(json.loads(request_data))
except Exception as e:
logging.error(num + ' ' + api_purpose + ' 请求的数据有误，请检查[Request Data]字段是否是标准的json格式字符串！')
continue
elif request_data_type == 'Data':
dataFile = request_data
if os.path.exists(dataFile):
fopen = open(dataFile,encoding='utf-8')
request_data = fopen.readline()
fopen.close()
for keyword in correlationDict:
if request_data.find(keyword) > 0:
request_data = request_data.replace(keyword,str(correlationDict[keyword]))
request_data = request_data.encode('utf-8')
elif request_data_type == 'File':
dataFile = request_data
if not os.path.exists(dataFile):
logging.error(num + ' ' + api_purpose + ' 文件路径配置无效，请检查[Request Data]字段配置的文件路径是否存在！！！')
continue
fopen = open(dataFile,'rb')
data = fopen.read()
fopen.close()
request_data = '''
------WebKitFormBoundaryDf9uRfwb8uzv1eNe
Content-Disposition:form-data;name="file";filename="%s"
Content-Type:
Content-Transfer-Encoding:binary

%s
------WebKitFormBoundaryDf9uRfwb8uzv1eNe--
''' % (os.path.basename(dataFile),data)
status,resp = interfaceTest(num,api_purpose,api_host,request_url,request_data,check_point,request_method,request_data_type,correlationDict['${session}'])
if status != 200:
errorCase.append((num + ' ' + api_purpose,str(status),'http://'+api_host+request_url,resp))
continue
for j in range(len(correlation)):
param = correlation[j].split('=')
if len(param) == 2:
if param[1] == '' or not re.search(r'^\[',param[1]) or not re.search(r'\]$',param[1]):
logging.error(num + ' ' + api_purpose + ' 关联参数设置有误，请检查[Correlation]字段参数格式是否正确！！！')
continue
value = resp
for key in param[1][1:-1].split(']['):
try:
temp = value[int(key)]
except:
try:
temp = value[key]
except:
break
value = temp
correlationDict[param[0]] = value
return errorCase

# 接口测试
def interfaceTest(num,api_purpose,api_host,request_url,request_data,check_point,request_method,request_data_type,session):
headers = {'Content-Type':'application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8',
'X-Requested-With':'XMLHttpRequest',
'Connection':'keep-alive',
'Referer':'http://' + api_host,
'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/43.0.2357.134 Safari/537.36'}
if session is not None:
headers['Cookie'] = 'session=' + session
if request_data_type == 'File':
headers['Content-Type'] = 'multipart/form-data;boundary=----WebKitFormBoundaryDf9uRfwb8uzv1eNe;charset=UTF-8'
elif request_data_type == 'Data':
headers['Content-Type'] = 'text/plain; charset=UTF-8'

conn = http.client.HTTPConnection(api_host)
if request_method == 'POST':
conn.request('POST',request_url,request_data,headers=headers)
elif request_method == 'GET':
conn.request('GET',request_url+'?'+request_data,headers=headers)
else:
logging.error(num + ' ' + api_purpose + ' HTTP请求方法错误，请确认[Request Method]字段是否正确！！！')
return 400,request_method
response = conn.getresponse()
status = response.status
resp = response.read()
if status == 200:
resp = resp.decode('utf-8')
if re.search(check_point,str(resp)):
logging.info(num + ' ' + api_purpose + ' 成功, ' + str(status) + ', ' + str(resp))
return status,json.loads(resp)
else:
logging.error(num + ' ' + api_purpose + ' 失败！！！, [ ' + str(status) + ' ], ' + str(resp))
return 2001,resp
else:
logging.error(num + ' ' + api_purpose + ' 失败！！！, [ ' + str(status) + ' ], ' + str(resp))
return status,resp.decode('utf-8')

#获取md5验证码
def getMD5(url,postData):
headers = {'Content-Type':'application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8',
'X-Requested-With':'XMLHttpRequest'}
conn = http.client.HTTPConnection('this.ismyhost.com')
conn.request('POST','/get_isignature',postData,headers=headers)
response = conn.getresponse()
return response.status,response.read()

# hash1加密
def hash1Encode(codeStr):
hashobj = hashlib.sha1()
hashobj.update(codeStr.encode('utf-8'))
return hashobj.hexdigest()

# DES加密
def desEncode(desStr):
k = des('secretKEY', padmode=PAD_PKCS5)
encodeStr = base64.b64encode(k.encrypt(json.dumps(desStr)))
return encodeStr

# 字典排序
def encodePostStr(postData):
keyDict = {'key':'secretKEY'}
mergeDict = dict(postData, **keyDict)
mergeDict = sorted(mergeDict.items())
postStr = ''
for i in mergeDict:
postStr = postStr + i[0] + '=' + i[1] + '&'
postStr = postStr[:-1]
hashobj = hashlib.sha1()
hashobj.update(postStr.encode('utf-8'))
token = hashobj.hexdigest()
postData['token'] = token
return desEncode(postData)

#发送通知邮件
def sendMail(text):
sender = 'no-reply@myhost.cn'
receiver = ['penn@myhost.cn']
mailToCc = ['penn@myhost.cn']
subject = '[AutomantionTest]接口自动化测试报告通知'
smtpserver = 'smtp.exmail.qq.com'
username = 'no-reply@myhost.cn'
password = 'password'

msg = MIMEText(text,'html','utf-8')
msg['Subject'] = subject
msg['From'] = sender
msg['To'] = ';'.join(receiver)
msg['Cc'] = ';'.join(mailToCc)
smtp = smtplib.SMTP()
smtp.connect(smtpserver)
smtp.login(username, password)
smtp.sendmail(sender, receiver + mailToCc, msg.as_string())
smtp.quit()

def main():
errorTest = runTest('TestCase/TestCasePre.xlsx')
if len(errorTest) > 0:
html = '接口自动化定期扫描，共有 ' + str(len(errorTest)) + ' 个异常接口，列表如下：' + '

'
for test in errorTest:
html = html + '

'
html = html + '

'
#sendMail(html)